The Characteristics and Causes of Land Subsidence in Tanggu Based on the GPS Survey System and Numerical Simulation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MA Fengshan  WEI Aihu  HAN Zhantao  ZHAO Haijun  GUO Jie 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(6):1495-1507

Land subsidence is a severe hazard threatening Tanggu, a flat lowland area, and evidences of land subsidence can be seen throughout the city. A new reasonable GPS network was set up in this area from 2008 to 2010. The monitoring data show that land subsidence was serious and two main subsidence cones were obviously formed in the region. One emerged at Hujiayuan, with the maximum rate reaching 60 mm/a, and the influence region enlarged prominently from 2005 to 2010. The other one occurred at Kaifaqu, which became obvious only after 2005, and it showed a decreasing tendency with time. To analyze the causes of ground settlement, a correlation between groundwater withdrawal and land subsidence was firstly made. The results confirmed that over-exploitation of groundwater was the major cause for the severe settlement in Hujiayuan. Meanwhile, the subsidence of Kaifaqu was also related to groundwater withdrawal before 2005. However, the relationship became unconspicuous after 2005. To find the cause of this abnormity, a three-dimensional finite element numerical model, coupled with groundwater flow and subsidence, was built. The simulation results indicate that the subsidence induced by high-rise buildings is serious, but the affected range is limited and it also shows a decreasing trend with time, corresponding to the subsidence characteristics at Kaifaqu. Therefore, more attention should be paid to this hazard induced by engineering construction besides groundwater withdrawal, as more high-rise buildings are under construction in Tanggu.  相似文献   

苍山县城乡建设用地增减挂钩试点工作探析     

杨皓然  石振玲 《山东地质》2011,(7):42-44

苍山县城乡建设用地增减挂钩试点工作对统筹城乡发展、改善农村村容村貌、提高复垦耕地质量等发挥了积极作用,但工作中存在领导重视不够、资金不足、农民意识薄弱等问题,需进一步落实目标责任制、拓宽融资渠道、提高农民积极性。  相似文献   

我国城市规划中气候信息应用回顾与展望   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

房小怡  王晓云  杜吴鹏  李磊  任希岩  贺健  程宸  刘勇洪 《地球科学进展》2015,30(4):445-455

城市规划中气候信息的应用经历了从早期的风玫瑰图利用到考虑风、温、湿、压等要素的气候适宜性分析以及目前关注城市通风环境、热环境以及污染敏感区的城市环境气候图技术的历程。气候信息获得的途径也从数量极为有限的基本气象观测站资料到空间加密的自动气象站资料、更精细的气象数值模式以及精细化地理信息技术的应用。同时,细化的技术导则和规范的建立以及不同行业间的联合发文有力推动了气候信息的实际应用。此外,研究展示了近年开展的伊犁、深圳、北京实际案例主要内容。最后,针对未来我国将根据大气环流特征和生态环境承载能力、走优化城镇空间布局和城镇规模结构的新型城镇化道路,从工作层面和技术层面给出了需要不断完善并深入研究的几个重点。  相似文献   

污水源热泵技术在城市住宅供暖中的应用研究     

于浩  刘静  肖天鹏 《城市地质》2015,(4):21-24

随着城市的发展和能源需求的增长,污水的热能回收利用越来越受到关注,开发污水源热泵技术对建筑节能降耗具有重要意义。本文就污水源热泵系统的工作原理、特点等方面进行了介绍,阐述了国内外污水源热泵技术的开发利用历程与工程现状,分析了城市污水热能资源潜力以及污水源热泵技术的发展前景,指出利用污水与环境的温差获取热能具有十分巨大的能量资源前景,适宜的热源距离是污水源热泵开发利用的先决条件,开发污水源热泵系统,可以充分利用城市污水处理厂的二级出水或城市污水作为水源,通过合理利用出水的流量和温差为城市住宅供暖。基于我国能源与环境的现状,污水源热泵系统具有良好的市场前景,是一种值得推广的能源开发利用方式。  相似文献   

上海“7·31”局地强对流快速更新同化数值模拟研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王晓峰  王平  张蕾  许晓林  李佳 《高原气象》2015,34(1):124-136

利用雷达、自动气象站、飞机观测(AMDAR)和探空等多种观测资料,采用中尺度数值预报模式WRF和资料同化系统ADAS,对2011年7月31日上海局地强对流过程进行了快速更新同化数值试验。结果表明,数值试验模拟降水的发生时间、落区和随时间演变与实况基本一致,较好再现了海陆热力差异导致上海南北两支海陆风爆发、形成低层辐合线,在热岛效应的叠加下进一步增强,继而引发局地强对流的过程。快速更新同化技术可有效延长此次过程的预警时效,这为城市强对流业务预报提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

Historical influences on the current provision of multiple ecosystem services     

《Global Environmental Change》2015

Ecosystem service provision varies temporally in response to natural and human-induced factors, yet research in this field is dominated by analyses that ignore the time-lags and feedbacks that occur within socio-ecological systems. The implications of this have been unstudied, but are central to understanding how service delivery will alter due to future land-use/cover change. Urban areas are expanding faster than any other land-use, making cities ideal study systems for examining such legacy effects. We assess the extent to which present-day provision of a suite of eight ecosystem services, quantified using field-gathered data, is explained by current and historical (stretching back 150 years) landcover. Five services (above-ground carbon density, recreational use, bird species richness, bird density, and a metric of recreation experience quality (continuity with the past) were more strongly determined by past landcover. Time-lags ranged from 20 (bird species richness and density) to over 100 years (above-ground carbon density). Historical landcover, therefore, can have a strong influence on current service provision. By ignoring such time-lags, we risk drawing incorrect conclusions regarding how the distribution and quality of some ecosystem services may alter in response to land-use/cover change. Although such a finding adds to the complexity of predicting future scenarios, ecologists may find that they can link the biodiversity conservation agenda to the preservation of cultural heritage, and that certain courses of action provide win-win outcomes across multiple environmental and cultural goods.  相似文献   

基于ASTER数据的城市热环境遥感监测研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈健  杨旭媛 《国土资源遥感》2011,(3):100-105

以ASTER数据为数据源,采用同一颗卫星上的MODIS数据得到大气透过率;利用可见光和近红外波段对下垫面类型进行分类和利用JPL(Jet Propulsion Lab)提供的光谱库计算地表比辐射率,进而采用劈窗算法进行地表温度(Land Surface Temperature,LST)的反演。在此基础上,利用反演的LST、分类结果和归一化差值植被指数(NDVI),对沧州地区的城市热环境进行了定量分析,研究结果可为进一步深入探讨城市热岛的发生发展规律以及城市热环境的模拟调控、优化布局提供一定的科学依据。  相似文献   

Formal definition of a user-adaptive and length-optimal routing graph for complex indoor environments     

GOETZ Marcus  ZIPF Alexander 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,14(2):119-128

Car routing solutions are omnipresent and solutions for pedestrians also exist.Furthermore,public or commercial buildings are getting bigger and the complexity of their internal structure has increased.Consequently,the need for indoor routing solutions has emerged.Some prototypes are available,but they still lack semantically-enriched modelling (e.g.,access constraints,labels,etc.) and are not suitable for providing user-adaptive length-optimal routing in complex buildings.Previous approaches consider simple rooms,concave rooms,and corridors,but important characteristics such as distinct areas in huge rooms and solid obstacles inside rooms are not considered at all,although such details can increase navigation accuracy.By formally defining a weighted indoor routing graph,it is possible to create a detailed and user-adaptive model for route computation.The defined graph also contains semantic information such as room labels,door accessibility constraints,etc.Furthermore,one-way paths inside buildings are considered,as well as three-dimensional building parts,e.g.,elevators or stairways.A hierarchical structure is also possible with the presented graph model.  相似文献   

天津三维城市地质信息系统数据库建设技术要求的探讨研究     

张云霞  杨书畅 《国土资源信息化》2011,(5)

天津三维城市地质信息系统融海量数据管理、分析评价和信息发布功能为一体,是天津市地质工作信息数据维护、发布和长期动态服务于经济社会发展的基础性、综合性的平台。数据信息的统一、规范是该平台功能发挥的关键。本文从天津城市发展对地质成果信息的需求出发,提出城市地质信息系统各类专业数据库建设的技术要求,以满足系统分析评价、三维模型建立精度,实现从源头保证各类数据有序入库,终端输出的各类信息真实可信,确实为各部门提供决策依据。  相似文献   

顾及外拓扑的异构建筑三维拓扑重建   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

贺彪  李霖  郭仁忠  史云飞 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2011,(5):579-583

分析了异构建筑在三维拓扑重建中的问题,依据拓扑数据模型的需求,提出了基于顶图、底图和结构图的自动拓扑重建算法,该算法能够有效地对异构建筑进行整体三维拓扑重建,不仅保留了建筑内每一实体单元的内拓扑,同时也兼顾了实体间的外拓扑。基于该方法,设计并开发了三维地籍管理系统中的数据生成模块,以深圳市某小区为实验区,验证了算法的可行性及有效性。  相似文献